Panthenol is an alcohol derivative of vitamin B5, or pantothenic acid. It is a stable, water-soluble, light ingredient that readily penetrates the skin. At room temperature, panthenol is typically a viscous, transparent oil or white powder.

It is structurally similar to vitamin B5 except that it contains a hydroxyl group, making it an alcohol. Experts also call it pro-vitamin B5, because the body converts it to vitamin B5 once applied to the skin.

Manufacturers often use panthenol as a moisturizer in topical cosmetics. It also has uses as a softening, soothing, and anti-irritant agent.